List of National Symbols of Nepal

1. Bird

The himalayan Monal, Lophophorus impejanus also known as the Impeyan Monal or Impeyan Pheasant or Danphe is a bird of genus Lophophorus of the pheasant family, Phasianidae. It is the national bird of Nepal, where it is known as the Danfe, and the state bird of  Uttarakhand.

2. Emblem

The coat of arms of Nepal was changed during the reconciliation period following the Nepalese Civil War. On 30 December 2006, a new coat of arms was introduced. It contains the flag of Nepal, Mount Everest, green hills symbolising the hilly regions of Nepal and yellow colour symbolising the fertile Terai region, male and female hands joining to symbolise gender equality, and a garland of rhododendrons (the national flower). Atop this is a white silhouette in the shape of Nepal.

3. Flag

The national flag of Nepal  is the world's only non-quadrilateral national flag. The flag is a simplified combination of two single pennons, the vexillological word for a pennant. Its crimson red is the colour of the rhododendron, the country's national flower. Red is also the sign of victory in war. The blue border is the colour of peace. Until 1962, the flag's emblems, the sun and the crescent moon, had human faces. They were removed to modernize the flag.

4. Dress

Daura-Suruwal is a national costume of Nepal, which is worn by males.

5. National Anthem

Nepali Translation ;of}+ y'·f km"nsf xfdL Pp^} dfnf g]kfnL ;j{ef}d e} km}lnPsf] d]rL dxfsfnL=============2        k|s[ltsf sf]^L sf]^L ;Dkbfsf] cf“rn        jL/x?sf /utn] :jtGq / c^n !fge"ld zflGte"ld t/fO{ kxf* lxdfn cv)* of] Kof/f] xfd|f] dft[e"ld g]kfn ax'n hflt efiff wd{ ;+:s[lt %g\ ljzfn cu|ufdL /fi^« xfd|f] ho ho g]kfn ÛÛÛ English Translation

Woven from hundreds of flowers, we are one garland that's Nepali Spread sovereign from Mechi to Mahakali A playground for nature's wealth unending Out of the sacrifice of our braves, a nation free and unyielding A land of knowledge, of peace, the plains, hills and mountains tall Indivisible, this beloved land of ours, our motherland Nepal Of many races, languages, religions, and cultures of incredible sprawl This progressive nation of ours, all hail Nepal

6. Animal

Cattle (colloquially cows) are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae, are the most widespread species of the genus Bos, and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos primigenius. Cattle are raised as livestock for meat (beef and veal), as dairy animals for milk and other dairy products, and as draft animals (oxen or bullocks) (pulling carts, plows and the like).

7. Flower

Rhododendron is a genus of over 1000 species of woody plants in the heath family, either evergreen or deciduous. Most species have showy flowers.

8. Language

The national language of Nepal is Nepali Language.Nepali or Nepalese is a language in the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family. It is the official language and de facto lingua franca of Nepal and is also spoken in Bhutan and parts of India. In India, it is one of the country's 2nd official languages: Nepali has official language status in the formerly independent state of Sikkim and in West Bengal's Darjeeling district. Nepali developed in proximity to a number of Tibeto-Burman languages, most notably Kirati and Gurung, and shows Tibeto-Burman influences.

9 Colors

Crimson is a strong, bright, deep reddish purple color.

Three Regions

Topographically, Nepal can be divided into there main regions:-

1.     The Himalayan Region:-

The northern most part of Nepal is called the Himalayan Region. It contains nearly 15% of the total land-area of the country. It rises from about 5,000 m to 8,848m and extends up to the southern border of Tibet. It’s breadth from north to south varies from 25km to 50km. It is legth 885kms long. There are a number of Himalayan ranges in this part. Some of them are Kumbhakarna, Mahalangur, Kanjiroba,  Annapurna, etc. Everest in the Mahalangur range is the highest peak in the world . It is 8,848 m high. Other important peaks are Knachanjungha, Lhotse, Makalu, Choyu, Dhawalagiri, etc. Mugu, Dolpa, Humla, mustang and Manang lie between the greater Himalayan ranges and Trans-Himalayan ranges bordering the Tibet. These are also known as Bhot valley.  It is often very cold and snowy. As the climate of Nepal varies from region to region, the people (Bhote, Serpa, Thakali, Rai etc) live here. They have different life styles and costumes. Much of the Himalayan Region is covered with snow. Only the southern part is inhabited. The people living in the houses made of stone and clay as the roofed also by stone or clay. The few numbers of houses have doors and windows. They eat 'dhindo' (boiled buckwheat-meal), potato and bread. They wear thick woolen and leather clothes made from the fur and skin of sheep and other animals. Their woolen jacket is called 'Bakkhu'. Their shoes are called 'Docha'. Gold, silver and copper ornaments are popular among women. Both males and females keep their hair long. Lhosar is their main festival.

Mountain Climbing 

Stupa of Buddhist 

2.     The Hilly Region:-

Hilly Region lies to the south of the Himalayan Region and extends to the Terai Region in the south. It covers 68% of the total area of Nepal. It's altitude ranges from about 600m to 4,877m high from sealevel it is from 75 to 125 km wide. Theregion consists of the midland, Mahabharat range, Churia range and Doons. The midland lies between the Mahabharath range and the Himalayan region. It consists of several hills like Shivpuri, tectonic valleys like Kathmandu and Pokhara, elevated tablelands like Palungtar, Rumjatar, and river valleys like Arun valley. Between the Mahabharat range and Churia range there are flat and longitudinal valleys Udayapur, Makawnpur, Chitwan, Nawalparasi and Dang-Doons. The Mahabharat and Churia are the continuous mountain ranges extending from west to east in this region. The major castes here are Brahmin, Kshetre, Magar, Newar, Rai, Darji, Bisokrma, Mijar and Tharu who observe various festivals. This region enjoys a moderate type of climate neither too hot nor too cold. People's food comprises of rice, bread, meat, eggs, milk and milk-produces. Most house are made of stone and  clay with thatched roofs. Houses are isolated from each other in the hills. But in towns now people make multi-storeyed  concrete buildings. In villages, men wear daura-suruwal, coat, cap, patuka, bhoto and kachhad. Women wear sari, cholo, dajetro and ghalek. But nowadays the Europen, Indian, Chinese and Pakistani dresses are becoming popular.

Agriculture Area  

Fewa Lake with Machhapure (Fishtail) 

Agriculture 

Rafting 

3.     The Terai Region:-

It extends from the Chure Range in the north to the border of India in the south. This region is a belt of low and level land level land and contains 17% of the total area of Nepal. It's width varies from 25 to 30 km. It'saverage altitude is about 200m from the sea-level. The northern part of Terai is made up of stones. pebbles and other coarser materials. This part is known as Bhabar. It is not fertile. The famous  'Charkose Jhadi' lies in the Bhabar. The southern part of the Terai is made up of  fertile alluvial soil deposited by rivers and is called the "Granary of Nepal". The Terai is inhabited by Brahmins, Kayasthas, Yadavs, Telis, sundis, Rajputs, Danuwars, Tharus, Sunuwars etc. They observe several kinds of cocial and religious festivals. In this Region, settlements are large and houses are clustered together. Most people live in mud-houses with thatched roofs supported by wooden or bamboo poles. There are paintings of people, animals and flowers on the outer walls. Brick houses are being made now.  The main food of the people here is rice, pulse sand vegetable. Bread, milk, milk-products and mango are also included in their food. Because of the hot climate, light cotton clothes are used. Men's traditional clothes are Dhoti, kurta and women's sari and blouse. But nowadays the Europen, Indian, Chinese and Pakistani dresses are becoming popular for new generation. 

Mustard Plant 

Farming 

Dhan 

Dresses of Three Regions 

Nepal Major Natural Divisions Regions

Zones & Districts

75 Districts, 14 Zones and Five Development  

The figure cleared you about 5 development  regions, 14 zones and 75 districts. It's the division and Sub-divison of Nepal with 5 group i.e. Development Region which is illustration below:-

  
Development Region:-

A. Eastern Development Region:-

Eastern Development Region covers three zones with sixteen districts of Nepal in eastern part of Nepal where Mechi zones in the boarder for India.It's headuarter is Dhakuta . It also covers all three major natural divisons i.e. Himalayan, Hilly and Terai. It’s headquater is Dhankuta and each disctict have their headquaters.

Headquaters means all the government workers will happens overs there i.e. Buy and Selling Land, Making of Citizenship and Passport etc. It is head master of the district.

                     

1. Mechi  Zone(Headquarter:- Ilam)

73.Taplejung District

Headquarter:-Taplejung

51.Panchthar District

Headquarter:- Phidim

26.Ilam District

Headquarter:- Ilam

28.Jhapa  District

Headquarter:-Chandragadhi

2. Koshi  Zone  (Headquarter:-Biratnagar)

62.Sankhuwasbha District

Headquarter:-Khandbari

11.Bhojpur District

Headquarter:- Bhojpur

74.Terthum District

Headquarter:- Mayaglung

18.Dhankuta  District

Headquarter:- Dhunkuta

43.Morang District

 Headquarter:- Biratnagar

 69.Sunsari District

 Headquarter:- Inruwa

3. Sagarmatha  Zone (Headquarter:- Rajbiraj)

      68.Soukhumbu District

      Headquarter:- Saleri

      37. Khotang District
      Headquarter:-Diktel

           

      49. Okhaldhunga District

        Headquarter :- Okhaldhunga

             

      75. Udayapur  District

      Headquarter :- Gaighat

     67. Siraha District

     Headquarter:-Madar

     63.SaptriDistrict

     Headquarter:-Rajbiraj

   

       B. Central Development Region:-

    Central Development Region covers three zones with eighteen districts of Nepal in central part of Nepal. It also covers all three major natural divisons i.e. Himalayan, Hilly and Terai. It’s headquater is Kathmandu which is the capital city of the nation and each districts have their headquarters

      4. Janakpur  Zone (Headquarter:- Janakpur)

              

       20.Dolakha District 

       Headquarter:- Charicot
         
        55.Ramechap District

        Headquarter:- Manthli
        
        65.Sindhuli District

        Headquarter:- Sundhili Madhi
       
         19.Dhanusha District

        Headquarter:- Janakpur
            
         63.Sarlahi  District
         Headquarter:- Malangwa

   40.Mahottri Distric
         Headquarter:- Jaleshwor

       5. Bagmati Zone (Headquarter:- Kathmandu)

    
       17. Dhading District
       Headquarter:- Dhading Besi 
      
       56. Rasuwa District
        Headquarter:- Dhunche
       
       66. Sindhupalchok District
        Headquarter:- Chautara

 36.Kavrepalchok District
        Headquarter:- Dhulikhel

48. Nuwakot  District 
       Headquarter:- Bidur

33.Lalitpur District 
       Headquarter:- Patan
      
     10. Bhaktapur District
      Headquarter:- Bhaktapur

     35. Kathamandu District
     Headquarter:- Kathamandu

6. Narayani Zone(Headquarter:- Hetuda)
     
      41. Makwanpur District
       Headquarter:- Hetauda 
     
      12. Chitawan District
       Headquarter:- Bharatpur
      
      53. Parsa District
       Headquarter:- Brigunj
       
       8. Bara District 
       Headquarter:- Kalaiya

C. Western Development Region :-
    Western Development Region covers three zones with sixteen districts of Nepal in western part of Nepal. It also covers all three major natural divisons i.e. Himalayan, Hilly and Terai. It’s headquater is Pokhara and each disctict have their headquaters. Pokhara is the tourists areas where a lot of natural secenery are avabilable like Fewa Lake, Begnas Lake, Rupa Lake , and Many More.

 7. Dhaulagiri  Zone(Headquarter:- Baglung) 
       
      45. Mustang District
      Headquarter:- Jomsom
      
     46. Myagdi District
      Headquarter:- Beni
      
     3. Baglung District 
      Headquarter:- Baglung

     52.Parbat  District
      Headquarter:- Kushma

8. Gandaki Zone(Headquarter:- Pokhara) 

42.Manang District 

Headquarter:- Chame

 

23.Gorkha District

   Headquarter:- Gorkha

      34.Kaski District

                 Headquarter :- Pokha

       49.Lamjung District

                 Headquarter :- Besishahar

        71. Shyangja  District

                   Headquarter:- Shyangja

   

         72.Tanahun District

                   Headquarter:- Damauli

9. Lumbini Zone (Headquarter:-Butwal)

          24.Gulmi District
                  Headquarter:- Tamghas

           2.Arghakhanchi District
                 Headquarter:- Shandhikharka

       33.Kapilbastu District
                 Headquarter :- Taulihawa

           48. Palpa District
                     Headquarter:- Tansen

            60.Rupandehi District
                     Headquarter:- Bhairahawa
            
        67. Nawalparasi District
                      Headquarter:- Parasi

D.Mid-Western Development Region:-
Mid-Western Development Region covers three zones with fifteen districts of Nepal in mid-western part of Nepal. It also covers all three major natural divisons i.e. Himalayan, Hilly and Terai. It’s headquater is Birendranagar and each disctict have their headquaters.

10. Karnali  Zone(Headquarter:-  Jumla)

            25.Humla District
                   Headquarter:- Simikot

             21.Dolpa District
                  Headquarter:- Dunai

           44. Mugu District
                   Headquarter :- Gamgadhi

           31.Kalikot District
                  Headquarter:- Manma

            29.Jumla  District
                  Headquarter:- Jumla khalanga

11. Bheri Zone (Headquarter:- Birandranagar)

          14.Dailekh District
                 Headquarter :- Dailekh

           70.Surkhet District
                 Headquarter:- Birendranagar

           27. Jajarkot District
                 Headquarter:- Khalanga

            9.Bardiya District
                Headquarter:- Gularia

            7.Banke  District
               Headquarter :- Nepalgunj

12. Rapti Zone (Headquarter:- Tulisipur)

             59.Rukum District
                 Headquartert:- Musikot

             61.Salyan District
                   Headquarter:- Salyan 

             58.Rolpa District
                     Headquarter:- Libang

             54.Pyuthan Distrit
                      Headquarter:- Pyuthan

             15.Dang District
                     Headquarter:- Ghorahi

E. Far-Western Development Region:-
Far-Western Development Region covers two zones with nine districts of Nepal in mid-western part of Nepal. It also covers all three major natural divisons i.e. Himalayan, Hilly and Terai. It’s headquater is Dipayal and each disctict have their headquaters.

     13. Seti  Zone(Headquarter:- Sitalgadhi)

             5.Bajhang District
                    Headquarter:- Chainpur

              6.Bajura District
                      Headquarter:- Martadi

              22.Doti District
                     Headquarter:- Dipay

              1.Achham  District
                    Headquarter:- Mangalsen

            30.Kailali District
                 Headquarter :- Dhangadi

14. Mahakali Zone (Headquarter:-  Mahendranagar)

            16.Darchula Distrit
                 Headquarter:- Darchula

           4.Baitadi District
                 Headquarter:- Baitadi1

           3.Dadeldhura Distrit
                  Headquarter:- Dadeldhur

            32.Kanchanpur District
                  Headquarter:- Mahendranagar

75 Districts, 14 Zones and Development Region 

There are number of Village Development Committe (VDC) and Municipality  in Nepal 

Village Development Committee

Village Development Committee (VDC) is lower step of Nepal Government. Sometime ago there are more villages than one a VDC because a VDC have a population of at least four thousand people. There are nearly four thousand VDC in Nepal.

Every VDC is divided into nine wards. The ward division is created keeping the geographical conditions in mind. Each ward has an equal population as far as possible. There is an executive committee of 13 members in the VDC. The executive committee has a chairperson, a deputy chairperson, nine ward chairperson (every ward equal 1), and two nominated members. The nominated members are from the social workers, backward classes, aborigines, ethnic groups or women. The members of the VDC remain in office for five years.

The village development committee works for the development of education health, drinking water, village roads or construct and repair wells, construct the community buildings, rest houses and public toilets, run health centers, health posts and sub health posts. When population of at least 20 thousand ,  annual income must 20 lakh rupees, besides these two conditions, the area should have the facilities of electricity, roads, drinking water and communication VDC promotion Municipality.

Municipality

The Village Development Committee is formed in the rural area. In the urban area a municipality is formed. For the formation of a municipality in a settlement, there must be a population of a least 20,000 people.

The annual income must be at least 20 lakh rupees. Besides these two conditions, the area should have the facilities of electricity, roads, drinking water and communication. However , in the mountain and Himalayan areas, a population of 10,000 is enough. There are three kinds of municipalities in Nepal.

i) Municipality              

ii) Sub-metropolitan Municipality   

iii) Metropolitan Municipality

i) Municipality:

          The town with a population of twenty thousand with an annual income of more than twenty lakh rupees is declared as a municipality by the Government of Nepal.

ii) Sub- metropolitan Municipality:

          The urban area with a population one lakh people and an annual income of more than ten crores is sub- metropolitan.  There are four sub metropolitan cities in Nepal.  Birarnagar, Birgunj, Lalitpur and Pokhara.

iii) Metropolitan Municipality:

          The unban area where more than three lakh people live with an annual income of 40 crore rupees per year is a metropolitan city. Kathmandu is the only metropolitan city in Nepal

          The minimum  number of wards in municipality is 9 and the maximum number is 35. A municipality has a Mayor, a Deputy Mayor and Chairpersons every wards. They are elected by the voters. The Municipality nominates two person from the members of the Municipality Assembly one of whom is a woman. The members of the municipality hold office for five years.

Municipality's functions:

v To make plans for development and construction work.

v To pass the plans of houses and buildings which are going to be constructed.

v To preserve water-taps, well and ponds.

v To manage filth and rubbish.

v To develop education and sports.

v To conserve the cultural and historical spots.

v To construct and maintain roads.

v To ban the use of anything that affects public health.

v To run and manage hospitals, ayurved aushadhalayas and health centres.

v To establish orphanages.

v To preserve and promote cottage and small scale industries.

v To plant trees on either side of the road and manage electricity.

v To arrange markets and fairs.